翻译和编辑：杨二

   用于盖髓的材料主要是氢氧化钙制剂。登士柏公司的产品有Dycal,Prisma Dycal VLC(光固化型), 当然，最好的直接盖髓的材料是ProRoot MTA。国内市场目前只有自凝的Dycal。

   小二在这里对这两种产品作一简单介绍。

一、Dycal

Dycal说明书下载：

http://www.dentsply.co.uk/msds_cosh/downloads/dycal.pdf

DIRECTIONS FOR

Dycal? Radiopaque Calcium Hydroxide Composition

Caution:

U.S. Federal Law Restricts This Device To Sale By Or On The Order Of A Dentist.

DYCAL? calcium hydroxide composition is a rigid, self-setting material useful in pulp capping and as a protective base-liner under dental filling materials, cements, and other base materials. It will not inhibit the polymerization of acrylic and composite restorations.

使用说明

产品全名：Dycal 放射线阻射氢氧化钙复合物           翻译和编辑：杨二

注意事项：

Dycal 氢氧化钙复合物是一种坚硬的、自凝材料，主要用于盖髓和保护性垫底，置于各种牙科充填材料、水门汀、或其它垫底材料下层。它不会抑制丙烯酸树脂和其它复合修复材料的聚合。

PROTECTIVE ACTIONS - It serves as a protective barrier between the dentin and pulp and acid containing cements and restorative materials. It may be used as a pulp capping agent.

保护作用：

它作为保护屏障，把牙本质和牙髓与含酸性成分的水门汀和修复材料隔离开来，起到保护作用。Dycal可被用作盖髓剂。翻译和编辑：杨二

DIRECTIONS - Dispense equal volume (1.17 to 1.00 by wt.) of base and catalyst paste on the parchment paper pad provided. Stir immediately using a DYCAL? applicator. Stir or mix thoroughly until a uniform color is achieved.

使用方法：

从软管中挤出等体积的基底糊剂和催化剂（质量1.17克：1.00克）于调板（随产品一并提供）上，立即用Dycal涂药器进行调拌，直至颜色均匀一致。不要过度搅拌。通常情况下，为提供最大的工作时间，您需要在10秒中内完成调拌。翻译和编辑：杨二

Do not overspatulate. As a general rule, to provide maximum working time, you should complete mixing of the two pastes within 10 seconds. Then by quickly applying the mixed material into the cavity you take advantage of the essential flowability of the mass for efficient placement before setting starts. The cavity preparation should be dry.Do not attempt to control setting time by increasing or decreasing the amount of catalyst dispensed.The product is regulated to provide a constant working time in spite of such variations.

接着迅速将调好的材料放放已备好的窝洞中，在材料开始凝固前，它具有很好的流动性，使您能将其方便地放置至目标位置。窝洞应保持干燥。不要试图通过增加或减少催化剂的用量来控制产品的凝固时间。本品已经过适当调节，能提供恒定的工作时间而不受催化剂多少的影响。翻译和编辑：杨二

The ball-pointed instrument is an effective applicator for placing the mix in the cavity and spreading it over the floor to the desired depth.

将混合料放置于窝洞中并在期望的深度上进行铺展时，球形尖端工具（如Dycal涂药器）是最有效的工具。

Avoid touching the margins of the cavity and avoid placing a large bulk of material.

避免接触制洞的边缘。避免置入过多材料。

The mixed material will set in 2-3 minutes on the mixing pad under normal room conditions (70oF with 50% relative humidity). The set time is shorter in the mouth due to moisture and temperature.Remove any excess from retention areas or margins with a sharp spoon excavator or bur.                                  翻译和编辑：杨二

调好的材料在室内（温度：23℃，相对湿度：50%）条件下，通常会在2到3分钟内凝固。由于湿度和温度的影响，其在口内的凝固时间要短一些。用锐匙挖器或球钻除去固位区或边缘的多余材料。

PRECAUTIONS - The solubility and essentially basic nature of the DYCAL? composition requires that it be used only in situations where it can be protected adequately from the intraoral environment.

小心：

需要在与口内环境充分隔离的条件下，Dycal的溶解性和基本特性才能充分发挥。

After the DYCAL? has completely set, use cavity varnish under amalgam restorations.                                        翻译和编辑：杨二

在Dycal 完全凝固后，如用银汞合金充填，需要涂布洞衬剂后再进行充填。

It should not be used as a temporary filling or luting cement.

Dycal 不能用作暂时充填材料或封闭水门汀。

Studies have shown it to be adequately strong to resist the packing pressures upon amalgams during placement by usual procedures. Avoid use of excessively small pluggers and/or high packing pressures which might cause fracture of the material. It should be covered by a rigid cement base prior to condensation of gold foil restorations. The correct ratio and complete mixing of base and catalyst components are important factors affecting the radiopacity, strength, and durability of the material.

                                                 翻译和编辑：杨二

   研究表明，在通常的银汞充填过程中，Dycal的强度足以对抗充填压力。过细的充填器和过高的充填压力会导致材料断裂，因此应注意避免。在用银汞合金加压充填前，需要在使用Dycal 后，垫一层坚硬的水门汀垫底材料。正确的基础材料和催化剂的比例和充分的调拌很重要，会影响到材料的X线阻射性能、强度、耐磨性能。

Greater concentrations of catalyst provide additional quantities of calycium hydroxide but adversely affect radiopacity and strength. Deliberate departures from the recommended ratio of base to catalyst are therefore to be avoided. Tooth size, shape, dentinal radiopacity and exposure conditions are additional variables which affect the ability to radiographically detect the material.翻译和编辑：杨二

    加入更多的催化剂能提供更多的氢氧化钙，但也会影响到材料的X线阻射性能笔强度。因此，应避免刻意的改变基础糊剂和催化剂的比例。牙齿的大小、形态、牙本质的X线阻射性能和曝光条件是另外一些影响材料的X线阻射性能的变量。

PACKAGING - DYCAL? Base and Catalyst pastes are supplied in collapsible tin tubes equipped with an integral plastic spout and nozzle. Storing the tubes near mercury may cause amalgamation and pinholing of the tubes.

包装：一盒有基础糊剂和催化剂各一支，分别为3g和1g(体积一样)。 避免把与汞一起存放，会导致“汞齐化”，并导致管壁穿孔。翻译和编辑：杨二

STORAGE AND USE CONDITION - Store at normal room temperature or below. Separation of solid and liquid phases of the base component is accelerated at elevated temperatures. Maximum shelf life is attained when stored at reduced temperatures, in a refrigerator. Allow the material to return to normal room termperature before using.

Work time and set time are influenced by humidity and temperature changes. Increased humidity and elevated temperature will reduce available work time and set time. Conversely, decreased humidity and lower temperatures will increase available work time and set time.

保存和使用条件：

PROROOT? MTA(MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE)ROOT CANAL REPAIRMATERIAL

国内也有前辈在口腔医学网发表过有关文章:

http://www.kq88.com/kqnk/kqnk01/2006-1/21/15_50_24_53.htm

国内外多位专家教授的讲课中,都有使用MTA治疗侧穿和底穿的成功病例。让人叹为观止！

不过，此物虽好，价格却贵过黄金，还有专门用来输送MTA的器械叫ProRoot MTA Delivery Gun，超贵！更遗憾的是，国内目前因为注册证的问题，暂时不能销售。为什么好东西，总不能卖啊？！

咱们中国什么时候也能造出这么牛的玩艺儿就不用费这事了！！！

以下是关于MTA的简单说明，翻译不当的地方，请各位指正！！ProRoot MTA Clinical Information　临床信息

In endodontics, various materials have been used for root repair: amalgam, zinc oxide eugenol, calcium hydroxide, composites and glass-ionomers. However, none of these are ideal for the special conditions and requirements of root repair. To be a superior root repair material, a substance has to have the following qualities:

在牙体牙髓科的临床操作中，已有很多材料被用于根管的修复，如：银汞、氧化锌、氢氧化钙、复合树脂和玻璃离子。然而，上述材料均不能满足一些特殊情况下对根管修复治疗的需要。作为一种理想的根管修复材料，须具备以下的特征：

Resistance to marginal leakage  能防止边缘渗漏

Allows normal healing response 　促进愈合反应

Ease of clinical manipulation　操作简单

ProRoot MTA is compositionally formulated to have the physical properties, setting requirements and characteristics necessary for a clinically effective root repair material. Each pack of ProRoot MTA powder comes with a premeasured unit dose of water for convenience in mixing - simply pour the powder onto a pad, add the water and mix. Upon mixing, ProRoot MTA reaches a working consistency rapidly and is ready to be applied to the prepared site. ProRoot MTA is a clinically viable solution for a wide variety of indications including:

MTA是一种复合材料，它具备了上述物理特性。此材料的包装是采用粉剂与液体分装。两组分混匀后，能迅速达到适于临床应用的粘稠度。MTA是一种有着广泛应用前景的材料，可用于以下几方面：

Apexification 根尖成形术

Repair of root resorption 修复牙根吸收

Root-end filling 根管末端填

Pulp capping 盖髓

Because ProRoot MTA creates a good seal, allows less leakage, is biocompatible and sets in the presence of moisture, root repairs performed with this material result in more predictable results. This means you can have confidence that your procedure will succeed, and fewer retreatment procedures will be necessary.

因为MTA能达到良好的封闭效果，减少渗漏、生物相容性好，且在潮湿的环境也能发挥作用。这使得应用此材料进行根管修复能得到更多可靠的结果。这意谓着你能对你的根管修复治疗充满信心，而且减少再次根管治疗的可能性。

 ProRoot MTA is available in original and white formulas. Both materials have been designed for challenging root canal treatments including root perforations, pulp capping, repair of root restorations, apexification and root end filing.

For the majority of cases, white ProRoot MTA is an excellent choice, however, ProRoot MTA Original is ideal for use with retrograde and other clinical cases where easy visual recognition of repaired regions of the tooth is important.